Lamps for Stage & Studio
A Brief Guide to Common Stage & Studio Lamps
This summary covers the primary types of lamps used in theatrical, film, and studio lighting:
1. Halogen & Tungsten-Halogen Lamps (The Incandescent Workhorse)
Halogen lamps are standard incandescent sources that use halogen gas to extend life and maintain a consistent color.
-
HPL Lamps: High Performance Lamps, used in fixtures like the ETC Source Four. They feature a compact filament for extremely efficient light collection, high output, and excellent Color Rendering Index (CRI near 100).
-
Other Halogen Types: Used in Fresnels and PAR cans. They are valued for a warm color temperature (
), often used to simulate warm interior light for film and TV.
2. High-Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps (High Output & Efficiency)
HID lamps, or arc lamps, produce light via an electric arc. They are known for their efficiency and high output.
-
HMI Lamps: (Hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide) A metal-halide lamp used widely in film/TV. They are daylight-balanced (
), making them essential for matching or simulating natural sunlight.
-
MSD/MSR Lamps: Used mainly in moving-head lights for concerts and events. They provide a very bright, punchy beam for projecting colors and patterns over long distances.
3. Xenon Short-Arc Lamps (Extreme Brightness)
Xenon lamps are a type of HID lamp that generates an extremely bright, white light similar to daylight.
-
Applications: Primarily used where a powerful, focused beam is required, such as followspots for theater/concerts and older large-venue projectors. They offer instant-on operation and stable color.
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